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Application of Response Spectrum Analysis of Multiply Supported System, with the Multi-Directional Excitations and Residual Rigid Response
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2021
Pages:
28-34
Received:
21 April 2021
Accepted:
11 May 2021
Published:
20 May 2021
Abstract: In the seismic design of equipment and piping systems, it seems that the precise response spectrum analysis method of multiply supported systems with good accuracy does not spread, though there are many multiply supported systems which subject the different earthquake excitations. The Standard Review Plan 3.7.1 in the United States, for example, recommends that the seismic response of each support point be combined by the absolute sum. However, this leads to excessive conservative seismic response, and there is a problem in the analytical accuracy. Then, this paper presents a basic equation of motion of a multiply supported systems considering correlation between modes and seismic excitation directions and residual rigid response of a multiply supported system receiving three-directional earthquake excitations of X, Y and Z. The correlation of the multiply supported system response is applied to the CCFS method based on the sophisticated random vibration theory by Kiureghian, the residual rigid response is based on the missing mass method on the Regulatory Guide 1.92 Rev.2, and the synthesis method of the multi-directional earthquake excitations is based on our previous work, The purpose of this paper is to present a precise analytical evaluation formula for the multiple response spectrum analysis method and to hope to promote the improvement of the design guidelines for multiply supported equipment and piping systems.
Abstract: In the seismic design of equipment and piping systems, it seems that the precise response spectrum analysis method of multiply supported systems with good accuracy does not spread, though there are many multiply supported systems which subject the different earthquake excitations. The Standard Review Plan 3.7.1 in the United States, for example, re...
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Agile Risk Management as a Solution to the Failure of Kenyan Public Projects
Amecha Caroline Sikweya,
Peter Njeru Njue
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2021
Pages:
35-40
Received:
15 May 2021
Accepted:
1 June 2021
Published:
7 June 2021
Abstract: Risk management is key in determining the success of a project. Despite adoption of risk management by the public sector in Kenya, research has shown that up to 79.2% of the construction projects still fail whether in terms of experiencing delays, cost overruns or failure to meet the expected quality. The main aim of this study was to establish whether Agile Risk Management principles present a practical improvement to the predominant practice of risk management in the Kenyan public sector. Data was collected from a team of Architects, Engineers and Quantity Surveyors in the State Department of Public Works, Nairobi, using questionnaires and an interview. Results obtained showed that risks are directly related to the causes of failure of these Kenyan public projects and therefore improving risk management practices will promote the success of these projects. It was also evident from the study that the predominant approach to risk management in Kenya was Traditional Risk Management. The Agile Risk Management principles are hardly implemented in Kenya owing to the fact that professionals are not aware of this approach. Upon further analysis, this study established that the adoption of some Agile Risk Management principles is indeed a solution to the failure of Kenyan public projects as it presents a practical improvement to the predominant risk management practices. This study brings to light the need to closely examine the risk management practices in Kenya generally in both the public and private sectors. Another implication of this study is that it highlights the need of professional bodies and other relevant authorities to create more awareness on this and other approaches to risk management among their members.
Abstract: Risk management is key in determining the success of a project. Despite adoption of risk management by the public sector in Kenya, research has shown that up to 79.2% of the construction projects still fail whether in terms of experiencing delays, cost overruns or failure to meet the expected quality. The main aim of this study was to establish whe...
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An Analysis on Clock Speeds in Raspberry Pi Pico and Arduino Uno Microcontrollers
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 3, June 2021
Pages:
41-46
Received:
8 June 2021
Accepted:
19 June 2021
Published:
25 June 2021
Abstract: Choosing an application-centric microcontroller development board undisputedly increases the efficiency of the system. It impedes on-field failures and improves the quality of research. This paper analyses the Clock speeds of Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico microcontrollers to test their computation speeds using Mandelbrot Set, a familiar self-recurring fractal object. Arduino Uno is one of the popularly-used microcontrollers in the field of development. Pi Pico is the first and latest Microcontroller from Raspberry Pi family. Though the boards are economic, the latter tends to be very powerful. Hence these microcontrollers are chosen for analysis. The Mandelbrot Set is formed by the microcontrollers on an OLED display using Escape Time (ET) Algorithm. ET Algorithm takes a position (x, y) and recursively calculates the pixels that have to be turned on to render the Mandelbrot set on the display. Initially the boards are tested at their standard clock speeds. Further they are decelerated to under-rated levels to find the deviation in the rate of change of computation with the raise in their core frequencies. The Arduino Uno requires complex on-board hardware modifications with an intensive monitoring setup to work at overclocked frequencies. Hence this board is not tested at overdriven clock speeds. But Pi Pico effortlessly adjusts its core frequency to work at desired computation speeds using its phase-controlled loop. With this parameter, benchmarks and results, one of the two boards is regarded ideal for applications requiring cumulative calculations.
Abstract: Choosing an application-centric microcontroller development board undisputedly increases the efficiency of the system. It impedes on-field failures and improves the quality of research. This paper analyses the Clock speeds of Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico microcontrollers to test their computation speeds using Mandelbrot Set, a familiar self-re...
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