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Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP

Received: 12 August 2025     Accepted: 9 September 2025     Published: 10 October 2025
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Abstract

Talent is the main factor of progress and prosperity in the world, and all the developments in the present era are related to the efforts of talent. Identifying talent, assessing their ability, and promoting talent is an important requirement for the sustainable development and competitiveness of enterprise. If talent assessment and management are not properly conducted, the enterprise will not meet the requirements of the developing reality and will not be able to achieve the future development. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) is a comparative assessment method using human sense, which models the influence of the criteria associated with decision making into a hierarchical structure and allow to choose the best among alternatives to be selected. AHP is widely used in various fields of economy, military, society, management, education, medicine, etc. In this paper, we have considered the problem of determining of the researchers’ abilities objectively, intuitively and conveniently using the Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (IAHP). First, we have considered the development of IAHP tool in the Net-oriented System Description Language (NSDL) environment, developed by combining the advantages of Petri nets and object-oriented programming language VB. Compared with the previous AHP tools, the hierarchical structure model for the selection of the optimum alternative is built with Petri net diagrams to improve the intuition and convenience of tool. Also, the introduction of the File Alternative Element (SFile) allows us to build a hierarchical structure model more conveniently and simply in the case of a large number of alternatives.

Published in American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management (Volume 10, Issue 4)
DOI 10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11
Page(s) 50-58
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Integrated AHP, Petri Net, Object-oriented Programming Language, Net-oriented System Description Language, Ability Assessment

1. Introduction
AHP is a decision-making tool, which models the influence of the criteria associated with decision making into a hierarchical structure and selects the best one among several alternatives, is widely used in various fields of economy, military, society, management, education, medicine, etc.
In the past, AHP tools have been developed and used mainly in Excel software and in graphical user interface mode with the spreadsheet function. These tools include AHP Solver, XLSTAT, AHP Decision and Py-ahp calculator .
However, when the number of layers, criteria, and alternatives are large and the interaction is complex, the description of the structural and logical relationships of AHP tool takes a lot of time and effort and the intuition of the hierarchical structure model is lacking, and the users feel inconvenient.
There are many software development tools that combine the advantages of Petri nets and object-oriented programming languages with good intuition and convenience in modeling in the world .
Hence, we developed IAHP in NSDL environment that was developed by combining the advantages of Petri nets and object-oriented programming languages. In IAHP, the hierarchical structure model is described by Petri net diagrams to enhance the intuition and convenience of the AHP tool.
Also, the use of the File Alternative Element (SFile) has been used to conveniently solve the decision-making problem with a large number of alternatives and has been effectively applied to the assessment of the researchers’ abilities.
2. Net-oriented System Description Language- NSDL
2.1. Formal Definition of NSDL
NSDL is a complex system modeling tool developed by combining the advantages of Petri nets and the object-oriented programming language VB based on Microsoft.NET Framework 4.0 library.
The formal definition of NSDL is as follows.
(1)
P― set of places (includes integer, variable, real, stack, FIFO and equal place, in/out place terminal);
T― set of transitions (includes the GUI controls transitions), P∩T=Ф;
A― set of arcs (includes Flow, Reference and Inhibitor arc);
M― set of markings (includes the object tokens);
F― set of functional code of the element;
θ― set of attributes (delay time after firing, firing rate, priority, weight, capacity, type of elements, competition check and color, etc.);
O― set of user-defined objects modeled with NSDL’s script;
S―set of sub-systems or sub-project models.
NSDL introduced elements including in/out place terminal, equal place, subsystem, model library management, code debugging and model compiling ability to further improve its flexibility, convenience, extensibility and productivity.
2.2. Modeling Element in NSDL
The modeling elements include place, transition, arc, subsystem elements and functional code.
2.2.1. Place
The place reflects the state of the system and includes the information and usage of the system, including Integer, Real (greater than zero), Stack, FIFO, Equal and Variable places.
The capacity of place may be given to Integer place, Stack place, and FIFO place. These places can be used to model continuous and hybrid systems as well as discrete event driven systems.
2.2.2. Transition
The transition is fired according to the state of the input places and the property of the input and output arcs attached to it and the condition function written by the user. When the event occurs, it will perform a user-defined function.
Figure 2. Transition and Simplified place terminal attached to transition.
For convenience of modeling, And-transition and Or-transition may be used (Figure 2). Also, the transition may have a Simplified input/output place and Variable terminal.
Boolean, integer, real number, string and object type, etc. can be used in these terminals while variable terminals are only used as defined variables here.
Several GUI controls transitions which are widely used in modeling, such as Graph, Table, Text Box, Button, CheckBox, ComboBox and OpenFileName may be used in NSDL to improve modeling ability (Figure 3).
Figure 3. Typical GUI controls transitions.
Such transitions may fire according to function of GUI controls as well as standard transition. The attributes of firing time, firing rate, priority, etc. may be set in all the transitions.
2.2.3. Arc
An arc, which is a link element to represent the correlation between the place and the transition elements, includes an input arc and an output arc.
The input arc has three different types of information transfer. Flow arc allows the information of the input place to be passed to the firing transition associated with it and the information of the input place to be removed, while Reference arc maintains information at the input place, unlike the flow arc, even if the corresponding transition is fired. Also, Inhibitor arc is the one that becomes the firing state in the absence of information of the input place. The Multiplicity and Flow quantity may be defined in arcs. Also Conditional expression or Output function may be defined by user.
The output arc may be defined multiplicity, flow quantity, user-defined conditional expression and output function, in addition to the function of outputting information.
Figure 4. Type of the arc.
2.2.4. Subsystem Elements
In NSDL, the complex system structure may be modeled using a subsystem element (sub-project element) and a Simplified input/output place (Figure 5).
Here, the input place and the output one are connected only to the place of inside the subsystem model.
Figure 5. Representation of input/output places of a subsystem model element.
2.2.5. Functional Code Model
Functional code model describes the action of elements created in the diagram model. They may use not only the arbitrary functions and procedures that Framework4.0 library supports, but also NSDL‘s custom functions and procedures.
2.3. Firing of Transition
In NSDL, the system state changes with the occurrence of an event, i.e., the firing of a transition.
The firing of a transition is done in the typical firing conditions of the Petri net and the type of transition (And/Or, GUI controls) and the properties of its input and output arcs (Conditional expression, Multiplicity, Flow quantity) (Figure 6).
Figure 6. Fire condition (firing state) of transition.
For the transition where UserCondition () function is defined, it becomes firing state only when this function value condition and the above firing condition are satisfied.
3. Ability Assessment of Members of Scientific Research Institution by IAHP
3.1. Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method
IAHP is the decision- making tool which integrates AHP structural model constructed by Petri net diagram with AHP analytical algorithm constructed by VB language of NSDL.
Here, you may construct the AHP structural model which has 19 layers (including goal, criterion and alternative layer) to the maximum and 5000 criteria or alternatives. The algorithm diagram of IAHP is as follows:
Figure 7. Algorithm diagram of IAHP.
3.2. Ability Assessment of Members of Scientific Research Institution
3.2.1. AHP Structural Modeling
First, AHP structural model for decision-making problem should be constructed. As can be seen in Figures 8 and 9, for example, AHP structural model has 3 layers, 15 criteria and 37 alternatives for researchers.
The goal layer and criteria layer may be modeled with goal element(A1) and criteria element (B1~K1) in IAHP model library. These elements are transitions having Simplified input/output place. The alternative layer may be modeled as S1 or SFile.
Using arc, AHP structural model can be constructed by connecting Simplified input /output place of each element as shown in Figures 8 and 9.
If use S1 element, the alternatives (S1~S37) for 37 researchers should be modeled. Else if use SFile element, Excel data file for 37 researchers should be pointed out. Both of them are equivalent each other but it has so many alternatives, the second structural model is more convenient and simpler than the first.
Figure 8. AHP structural model with S1 element.
Figure 9. AHP structural model with SFile element.
The incidence table is generated from AHP structural model automatically as shown in Table 1.
Table 1. Incidence table generated from AHP structural model.

A1

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

B9

B10

B11

B12

B13

B14

B15

1

B1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

S1

2

B2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

S2

3

B3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

S3

14

B14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

S14

15

B15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

S15

16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

S16

17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

S17

35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

S35

36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

S36

37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

S37

3.2.2. Evaluation of Qualitative Criteria
Based on incidence table, the following AHP algorithm is constructed by VB language of NSDL.
Step 1: Judgment Matrix Construction
When AHP diagram is constructed, judgment matrix to reflect expert’s subjective assessment is made. The judgment matrix may be made by comparison table.
Table 2. Meaning of Comparison Values.

Comparison value

Meaning

1

Equally importance

3

Moderately importance

5

Strongly importance

7

Very strongly importance

9

Extreme importance

2, 4, 6, 8

Intermediate values

Step 2: Calculation of the weight by geometric average
1) Calculate the product of the elements of each row of judgment matrix A.
2) Calculate the nth square root of .
3) Calculate the weight by normalizing vector .
(2)
where is an eigenvector.
Step 3: Consistency
The validity of the judgment matrix is determined by the CI (Consistency Index).
(3)
The consistency of the judgment matrix is determined by the average random consistency ratio.
If doesn’t satisfy the following condition, though it is less than 0.1, must check the judgment matrix again.
(4)
Table 3. Random Consistency Index.

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

0

0.58

0.90

1.12

1.24

1.32

1.41

1.45

1.49

1.51

1.53

Comparative judgment matrices for qualitative criteria are made by experts. For example, Judgment matrix for goal A1 is shown in Table 4.
Table 4. Judgment matrix for goal A1.

A1

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B10

B11

B12

B13

B14

B15

Weight

B1

1

3

7

6

2

3

5

8

5

7

9

0.1772

B2

0.333

1

5

4

0.5

1

3

6

3

5

7

0.0866

B3

0.1428

0.2

1

0.5

0.1667

0.2

0.333

2

0.333

1

3

0.0181

B4

0.1667

0.25

2

1

0.2

0.25

0.5

3

0.5

2

4

0.0259

B5

0.5

2

6

5

1

2

4

7

4

6

8

0.1270

B6

0.333

1

5

4

0.5

1

3

6

3

5

7

0.0866

B7

0.2

0.333

3

2

0.25

0.333

1

4

1

3

5

0.0387

B8

0.25

0.5

4

3

0.333

0.5

2

5

2

4

6

0.0579

B9

1

3

7

6

2

3

5

8

5

7

9

0.1772

B10

0.333

1

5

4

0.5

1

3

6

3

5

7

0.0866

B11

0.2

0.333

3

2

0.25

0.333

1

4

1

3

5

0.0387

B12

0.125

0.1667

0.5

0.333

0.1429

0.1667

0.25

1

0.25

0.5

2

0.0130

B13

0.2

0.333

3

2

0.25

0.333

1

4

1

3

5

0.0387

B14

0.1429

0.2

1

0.5

0.1667

0.2

0.333

2

0.333

1

3

0.0181

B15

0.1111

0.1429

0.333

0.25

0.125

0.1429

0.2

0.5

0.2

0.333

1

0.0098

3.2.3. Evaluation of Quantitative Criteria
The quantitative criteria may be normalized by simple, max/min and sigmoid method according to the user’s requirement. The Excel data file for 37 researchers indicated in SFile is shown in Table 5.
Table 5. Public assessment marks for 37 researchers.

Assessment method

《Very High: 30, High: 20, Middle: 10, Low: 5》must be chosen only one mark for all researchers.

Name

B1

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

B9

B10

B11

B12

B13

B14

B15

1

Cha Chol Ho

30

20

30

30

20

20

30

20

30

20

30

30

30

20

30

2

William

20

30

30

20

20

30

20

30

20

30

20

30

20

30

30

36

Ri Kum Song

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

20

10

10

20

5

10

5

10

37

Marie

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

10

20

5

10

5

10

3.2.4. Evaluation Total Weight
The results are analyzed from the overall data. The results are as follows.
Table 6. Summary of Results.

Goal

B- Criteria Layer

S– Alternative Layer

Ranking

Criteria

Weight

Alternatives

Weight

A1- Assessment of Researchers’ Ability

B1-Searching of original idea

0.1771915

S12- K. H. Choe

0.0389

1

S3- S. H. Han

0.0385

2

S13- David

0.0379

3

B2-Self-study

0.0866958

S28- R. H. Kim

0.0377

4

S7- Köster

0.0368

5

S8- K. J. Jon

0.0364

6

B3-Manufacturing equipment

0.0180524

S16- Vörös

0.0361

7

S4- K. C. Jong

0.0359

8

S5- U. I. Ri

0.0348

9

B4-Expressing of opinion

0.0259385

S1- C. H. Cha

0.0346

10

S6- Y. M. Pak

0.0344

11

S26- S. K. Jo

0.034

12

B5-Applying of program

0.1270065

S21- O. C. Choe

0.0331

13

S24- John

0.0329

14

S2- William

0.0328

15

B6-Modeling

0.0866958

S32- J. H. Kim

0.0328

16

S15- J. Y. Ra

0.0265

17

B7-Collecting information

0.0385686

S33- Henry

0.0264

18

S9- D. H. Ryu1

0.0253

19

B8-Progressive character

0.0579582

S10- Kare

0.025

20

S11- Marcio

0.0229

21

B9-Deriving gist or essence

0.1771915

S14- Cha Ming Hong

0.0229

22

S18- Dzakiyah

0.0225

23

B10-Cooperating

0.0866958

S17- Karolina

0.0225

24

S22- S. M. Ju

0.0221

25

B11-Multilingual

0.0385686

S25- U. C. Cheo

0.0209

26

S27- Reisig

0.0208

27

B12-Talent mining, training

0.0129829

S19- Dawid

0.0206

28

S31-H. S. Kim

0.0201

29

B13-Task termination

0.0385686

S20- D. H. Ryu 3

0.0198

30

S23- J. S. Ri

0.0194

31

S29- M. S. Kang

0.0188

32

S30- David

0.0181

33

B14-Designing

0.0180524

S35- K. H. Pak

0.0155

34

S36- Ri Kum Song

0.0146

35

B15-Writing

0.0098331

S34- C. Han

0.0141

36

S37- Marie

0.0138

37

As shown in the Table 6, IAHP can be solved for AHP problem having so many alternatives.
4. Conclusion
In this paper, we discussed about method to assess the researchers’ abilities of scientific research institution intuitively and conveniently by using IAHP in the NSDL environment.
In the IAHP tool proposed, the hierarchical structure model can be constructed in Petri nets diagram in NSDL environment to improve the intuition and convenience of modeling.
With the introduction of File Alternative Element (SFile), AHP structural model can be constructed more conveniently, simply and effectively in the case of so many alternatives.
Abbreviations

IAHP

Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process

NSDL

Net-oriented System Description Language

VB

Visual Basic

GUI

Graphical User Interface

FIFO

First-In First-Out

Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thanks Prof. Dr. Kim Kwan Sik who is a boss in the development of NSDL, Kim Song Hyok, Choe Yong Su and Kim Chol Jin teachers who gave valuable guidance to the writing of the paper.
Funding
This work was partially supported by University of National Economy.
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
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[4] Marcio Pereira Basílio etc.4, A Systematic Review of the Applications of Multi-Criteria Decision Aid Methods (1977–2022), Electronics 2022, 11, 1720,
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Cite This Article
  • APA Style

    Su, R. J., Gil, H. Y., Il, C. S., Gyong, H. C., Son, W. C., et al. (2025). Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP. American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 10(4), 50-58. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11

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    ACS Style

    Su, R. J.; Gil, H. Y.; Il, C. S.; Gyong, H. C.; Son, W. C., et al. Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP. Am. J. Eng. Technol. Manag. 2025, 10(4), 50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11

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    AMA Style

    Su RJ, Gil HY, Il CS, Gyong HC, Son WC, et al. Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP. Am J Eng Technol Manag. 2025;10(4):50-58. doi: 10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11,
      author = {Ri Jin Su and Han Yong Gil and Choe Song Il and Hong Chol Gyong and Won Chang Son and Ryu Tong Hwi},
      title = {Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP
    },
      journal = {American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management},
      volume = {10},
      number = {4},
      pages = {50-58},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajetm.20251004.11},
      abstract = {Talent is the main factor of progress and prosperity in the world, and all the developments in the present era are related to the efforts of talent. Identifying talent, assessing their ability, and promoting talent is an important requirement for the sustainable development and competitiveness of enterprise. If talent assessment and management are not properly conducted, the enterprise will not meet the requirements of the developing reality and will not be able to achieve the future development. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) is a comparative assessment method using human sense, which models the influence of the criteria associated with decision making into a hierarchical structure and allow to choose the best among alternatives to be selected. AHP is widely used in various fields of economy, military, society, management, education, medicine, etc. In this paper, we have considered the problem of determining of the researchers’ abilities objectively, intuitively and conveniently using the Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (IAHP). First, we have considered the development of IAHP tool in the Net-oriented System Description Language (NSDL) environment, developed by combining the advantages of Petri nets and object-oriented programming language VB. Compared with the previous AHP tools, the hierarchical structure model for the selection of the optimum alternative is built with Petri net diagrams to improve the intuition and convenience of tool. Also, the introduction of the File Alternative Element (SFile) allows us to build a hierarchical structure model more conveniently and simply in the case of a large number of alternatives.
    },
     year = {2025}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Ability Assessment of Researchers of Scientific Research Institution Using Integrated AHP
    
    AU  - Ri Jin Su
    AU  - Han Yong Gil
    AU  - Choe Song Il
    AU  - Hong Chol Gyong
    AU  - Won Chang Son
    AU  - Ryu Tong Hwi
    Y1  - 2025/10/10
    PY  - 2025
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11
    T2  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
    JF  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
    JO  - American Journal of Engineering and Technology Management
    SP  - 50
    EP  - 58
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2575-1441
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajetm.20251004.11
    AB  - Talent is the main factor of progress and prosperity in the world, and all the developments in the present era are related to the efforts of talent. Identifying talent, assessing their ability, and promoting talent is an important requirement for the sustainable development and competitiveness of enterprise. If talent assessment and management are not properly conducted, the enterprise will not meet the requirements of the developing reality and will not be able to achieve the future development. AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) is a comparative assessment method using human sense, which models the influence of the criteria associated with decision making into a hierarchical structure and allow to choose the best among alternatives to be selected. AHP is widely used in various fields of economy, military, society, management, education, medicine, etc. In this paper, we have considered the problem of determining of the researchers’ abilities objectively, intuitively and conveniently using the Integrated Analytical Hierarchy Process (IAHP). First, we have considered the development of IAHP tool in the Net-oriented System Description Language (NSDL) environment, developed by combining the advantages of Petri nets and object-oriented programming language VB. Compared with the previous AHP tools, the hierarchical structure model for the selection of the optimum alternative is built with Petri net diagrams to improve the intuition and convenience of tool. Also, the introduction of the File Alternative Element (SFile) allows us to build a hierarchical structure model more conveniently and simply in the case of a large number of alternatives.
    
    VL  - 10
    IS  - 4
    ER  - 

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